Warning: this is an htmlized version!
The original is here, and
the conversion rules are here.
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%               file:///tmp/2024-2-C2-numeros-complexos.pdf
%           file:///tmp/pen/2024-2-C2-numeros-complexos.pdf
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% (find-LATEX "2019.mk")
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\documentclass[oneside,12pt]{article}
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%L --dofile "Escadas1.lua"           -- (find-LATEX "Escadas1.lua")
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% «defs-maxima»  (to ".defs-maxima")
%L dofile "Maxima2.lua"              -- (find-angg "LUA/Maxima2.lua")
\pu

% «defs-V»  (to ".defs-V")
%L --- See: (find-angg "LUA/MiniV1.lua" "problem-with-V")
%L V = MiniV
%L v = V.fromab
\pu


%  _____ _ _   _                               
% |_   _(_) |_| | ___   _ __   __ _  __ _  ___ 
%   | | | | __| |/ _ \ | '_ \ / _` |/ _` |/ _ \
%   | | | | |_| |  __/ | |_) | (_| | (_| |  __/
%   |_| |_|\__|_|\___| | .__/ \__,_|\__, |\___|
%                      |_|          |___/      
%
% «title»  (to ".title")
% (c2m242ncp 1 "title")
% (c2m242nca   "title")

\thispagestyle{empty}

\begin{center}

\vspace*{1.2cm}

{\bf \Large Cálculo 2 - 2024.2}

\bsk

Aula 23: revisão de números complexos

\bsk

Eduardo Ochs - RCN/PURO/UFF

\url{http://anggtwu.net/2024.2-C2.html}

\end{center}

\newpage

% «links»  (to ".links")
% (c2m242ncp 2 "links")
% (c2m242nca   "links")

{\bf Links}

\scalebox{0.6}{\def\colwidth{16cm}\firstcol{

% «links-stewart»  (to ".links-stewart")
% (find-books "__analysis/__analysis.el" "stewart-pt" "1020" "17.1 Equações Lineares de Segunda Ordem")
% (find-books "__analysis/__analysis.el" "stewart-pt" "1034" "subamortecimento")
% (find-books "__analysis/__analysis.el" "stewart-pt" "51" "H Números Complexos")
\par \Ca{StewPtCap17p6} (p.1020) Equações diferenciais de 2ª ordem
\par \Ca{StewPtCap17p20} (p.1034) Caso 3: subamortecimento
\par \Ca{StewPtApendiceHp5} (p.A51) Apêndice H: Números complexos

\ssk

% «links-boyce»  (to ".links-boyce")
% (find-books "__analysis/__analysis.el" "boyce-diprima-pt" "105" "3. Equações lineares de segunda")
% (find-books "__analysis/__analysis.el" "boyce-diprima-pt" "111" "operador diferencial")
% (find-books "__analysis/__analysis.el" "boyce-diprima-pt" "113" "princípio da superposição")
% (find-books "__analysis/__analysis.el" "boyce-diprima-pt" "121" "3.3. Raízes complexas")
% (find-books "__analysis/__analysis.el" "boyce-diprima-pt" "123" "Figura 3.3.1")
\par \Ca{BoyceDip3p5} (p.105) Capítulo 3: Equações lineares de 2ª ordem
\par \Ca{BoyceDip3p11} (p.111) Seção 3.2: o operador diferencial $L$
\par \Ca{BoyceDip3p13} (p.113) Teorema 3.2.2: o princípio da superposição
\par \Ca{BoyceDip3p21} (p.121) 3.3. Raízes complexas da equação característica
\par \Ca{BoyceDip3p23} (p.123) Figura 3.3.1

\ssk

% (find-books "__analysis/__analysis.el" "zill-cullen-pt" "173" "4.3" "coeficientes constantes")
%\par \Ca{ZillCullenCap4p33} (p.173) 4.3. Equações lineares homogêneas com coeficientes constantes

% «links-boyce-eng»  (to ".links-boyce-eng")
% (find-books "__analysis/__analysis.el" "boyce-diprima" "103" "3 Second-Order Linear")
% (find-books "__analysis/__analysis.el" "boyce-diprima" "110" "differential operator")
% (find-books "__analysis/__analysis.el" "boyce-diprima" "112" "Theorem 3.2.2" "Superposition")
% (find-books "__analysis/__analysis.el" "boyce-diprima" "120" "3.3 Complex Roots")
\par \Ca{BoyceDipEng3p4} (p.103) Chapter 3: Second-order linear ODEs
\par \Ca{BoyceDipEng3p11} (p.110) Section 3.2: the differential operator $L$
\par \Ca{BoyceDipEng3p13} (p.112) Theorem 3.2.2: principle of superposition
\par \Ca{BoyceDipEng3p21} (p.120) 3.3 Complex Roots of the Characteristic Equation
\par \Ca{BoyceDipEng3p24} (p.123) Figure 3.3.1

% (find-angg ".emacs" "c2q191" "20190524")
% (find-angg ".emacs" "c2q192" "60" "20190920")
% (find-c2q222page 45 "nov23: Números complexos")
% (find-c2q231page 50 "jun23: Oscilações")
% (c2q191 31 "20190524" "E = c + is")

\ssk

% (find-SUBSfile "2021aulas-por-telegram.lua" "14:16")
% http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dhHrg-KbJ0 e to the pi i for dummies (Mathologer)
\par \url{http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dhHrg-KbJ0} $e^{πi}$ for dummies (Mathologer)
\par \url{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_number} (bom)
\par \url{https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/N\%C3\%BAmero_complexo} (ruim, cheio de erros)

\ssk

\par \Ca{2yT12} (Gabarito da P1 de 2019.2) A questão 3 usa o truque do $E$

% (c2m222srp 4 "somas-de-retangulos")
% (c2m222sra   "somas-de-retangulos")

% (find-LATEXgrep "grep --color=auto -niH --null -e 'reas negativas' 202*.tex")
%\par \Ca{2fT63} ``Áreas negativas não existem''

\bsk

% (find-books "__analysis/__analysis.el" "hernandez" "47" "principais identidades trigonométricas")
\par \Ca{HernandezP57} (p.47) principais identidades trigonométricas

}\anothercol{
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\newpage

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% (c2m242ncp 3 "maxima-dots")
% (c2m242nca   "maxima-dots")
% (c2m241ncp 5 "dots")
% (c2m241nca   "dots")
% (find-es "maxima" "2024.1-intro-complex")
% (find-es "maxima" "2024.2-C2-intro-complex")

%M (%i1) Re(z)    := realpart(z)$
%M (%i2) Im(z)    := imagpart(z)$
%M (%i3) sqhyp(z) := Re(z)^2 + Im(z)^2$
%M (%i4) tom(z)   := matrix([Re(z),-Im(z)], [Im(z),Re(z)])$
%M (%i5) det(M)   := determinant(M)$
%M (%i6) nm(z)    := Re(z) + %i*Im(z)$
%M (%i7) stringdisp : false$
%M (%i8) z : a + %i*b;
%M (%o8) i\,b+a
%M (%i9) w : c + %i*d;
%M (%o9) i\,d+c
%M (%i10) matrix([    z , "+",     w , "=",   nm(z+w)],
%M        [tom(z), "+", tom(w), "=", tom(z)+tom(w)],
%M        [    "",  "",     "",  "",      ""      ],
%M        [    z , "*",     w , "=",   nm(z*w)    ],
%M        [tom(z), ".", tom(w), "=", tom(z).tom(w)]);
%M (%o10) \begin{pmatrix}i\,b+a&\mbox{ + }&i\,d+c&\mbox{ = }&i\,\left(d+b\right)+c+a\cr \begin{pmatrix}a&-b\cr b&a\cr \end{pmatrix}&\mbox{ + }&\begin{pmatrix}c&-d\cr d&c\cr \end{pmatrix}&\mbox{ = }&\begin{pmatrix}c+a&-d-b\cr d+b&c+a\cr \end{pmatrix}\cr &&&&\cr i\,b+a&\mbox{ * }&i\,d+c&\mbox{ = }&i\,\left(a\,d+b\,c\right)-b\,d+a\,c\cr \begin{pmatrix}a&-b\cr b&a\cr \end{pmatrix}&\mbox{ . }&\begin{pmatrix}c&-d\cr d&c\cr \end{pmatrix}&\mbox{ = }&\begin{pmatrix}a\,c-b\,d&-\left(a\,d\right)-b\,c\cr a\,d+b\,c&a\,c-b\,d\cr \end{pmatrix}\cr \end{pmatrix}
%L maximahead:sa("dots", "")
\pu

%M (%i11)  drawzpts (zs,[opts]) := myqdrawp(xyrange(), zpts(zs, opts))$
%M (%i12) [xmin,ymin, xmax,ymax] :  [-5,-5, 5,5]$
%M (%i13) myqdrawp_to_screen()$  myps(size) := ps(size)$
%M (%i15) myqdrawp_to_new_pdf()$ myps(size) := ps(size/5)$
%M (%i17)  as_33     : create_list(x+%i*y, y,seqn(2,0,2), x,seqn(0,2,2));
%M (%o17) \left[ 2\,i , 2\,i+1 , 2\,i+2 , i , i+1 , i+2 , 0 , 1 , 2 \right] 
%M (%i18) as_55     : create_list(x+%i*y, y,seqn(2,0,4), x,seqn(0,2,4))$
%M (%i19) as_22     : create_list(x+%i*y, y,seqn(0,1,1), x,seqn(0,1,1))$
%M (%i20)  D1 : drawzpts(as_33,          myps(3), pc(red))$
%M  D2 : drawzpts(as_55,          myps(3), pc(red))$
%M 
%M (%i21) 
%M (%i22) [D1, D2];
%M (%o22) \left[ \myvcenter{\includegraphics[height=5cm]{2024-2-C2/complex_001.pdf}} , \myvcenter{\includegraphics[height=5cm]{2024-2-C2/complex_002.pdf}} \right] 
%M (%i23)  D3 : drawzpts(as_55 + 1,      myps(3), pc(orange))$
%M 
%M (%i24)  D4 : drawzpts(as_55 + %i,     myps(3), pc(orange))$
%M 
%M (%i25) [D3, D4];
%M (%o25) \left[ \myvcenter{\includegraphics[height=5cm]{2024-2-C2/complex_003.pdf}} , \myvcenter{\includegraphics[height=5cm]{2024-2-C2/complex_004.pdf}} \right] 
%L maximahead:sa("dots 3", "")
\pu

%M (%i26)  D5 : drawzpts(as_55 * 2,      myps(3), pc(forest_green))$
%M (%i27)  D6 : drawzpts(as_55 * (1+%i), myps(3), pc(forest_green))$
%M (%i28) [D2, D5, D6];
%M (%o28) \left[ \myvcenter{\includegraphics[height=5cm]{2024-2-C2/complex_002.pdf}} , \myvcenter{\includegraphics[height=5cm]{2024-2-C2/complex_005.pdf}} , \myvcenter{\includegraphics[height=5cm]{2024-2-C2/complex_006.pdf}} \right] 
%M (%i29) topdf_opts : "height=10cm"$
%M (%i30) as_332    : create_list(z+w, z,as_33, w,as_22*0.2)$
%M (%i31) as_332_sq : makelist(z^2, z, as_332)$
%M (%i32) [xmin,ymin, xmax,ymax] :  [-10,-10, 10,10];
%M (%o32) \left[ -10 , -10 , 10 , 10 \right] 
%M (%i33)  D7 : drawzpts(as_332,    myps(0.5))$
%M (%i34)  D8 : drawzpts(as_332_sq, myps(0.5))$
%M (%i35) [D7, D8];
%M (%o35) \left[ \myvcenter{\includegraphics[height=10cm]{2024-2-C2/complex_007.pdf}} , \myvcenter{\includegraphics[height=10cm]{2024-2-C2/complex_008.pdf}} \right] 
%M (%i36) 
%L maximahead:sa("dots 4", "")
\pu

%M (%i30) as_332    : create_list(z+w, z,as_33, w,as_22*0.2)$
%M (%i31) as_332_sq : makelist(z^2, z, as_332)$
%M (%i32) [xmin,ymin, xmax,ymax] :  [-10,-10, 10,10];
%M (%o32) \left[ -10 , -10 , 10 , 10 \right] 
%M (%i33)  D7 : drawzpts(as_332,    myps(0.5))$
%M (%i34)  D8 : drawzpts(as_332_sq, myps(0.5))$
%M 
%M (%i35) [D7, D8];
%M (%o35) \left[ \myvcenter{\includegraphics[height=10cm]{2024-2-C2/complex_007.pdf}} , \myvcenter{\includegraphics[height=10cm]{2024-2-C2/complex_008.pdf}} \right] 
%M (%i36) 
%L maximahead:sa("dots 5", "")
\pu





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